D. 4 C. producing organic detritus for decomposers Which species is a primary producer? C. multiple alleles Remember that 1.2% of billions of DNA can cause many changes, which is why humans and apes do not have the same characteristics. (arrows represent the direction of energy flow, letters represent species) Provide the letter from the diagram that answers the questions. Some organisms can be considered paraphyletic or polyphyletic. 2. It is pretty hard to visualize how you, your siblings, and cousins are related but it becomes a lot easier when you make a family tree. -is the amount of blood pumped out with each hearbeat. A. Bacteria are never beneficial to humans. B. bacterial glycolysis, prokaryotic photosynthesis, aerobic reproduction C. phosphorus D. Most community disturbances are intermediate in intensity, C. Species diversity is highest in species that experience intermediate disturbances, The figure above shows the tilt of the Earth's axis as it rotates around the sun, causing changes in the seasons. You will not share the DNA from your parents with your cousins since they have different parents. C. Both areas have variation in monthly precipitation Evidence: modes of replication -- both use binary fission, have their own ribosomes, susceptible to similar antibiotics, molecular data show evolutionary relationship, similar membranes. C. All points on Earth would receive more sunlight during the year an organism rarely has the same name in different languages Suppose a mutation occurred in the sperm that fertilized an egg to produce you, but that mutation did not occur in the sperm that produced your brother. Which of the following best explains why Mae does not want to sell How was Chinese communism different from European communism? Haberler . A. 1 Dogs were domesticated during the Pleistocene era, where early humans would take the most obedient dogs and breed them together to create an even more obedient dog. each particular feature such as dry skin that is used to assign an organism to a groups is called a(n), is the same for scientists all over the world, poison ivy is also known as rhus toxicodendron. B. the reproductive stage is the mushroom above ground B. more, latitude D. genetic divergence, development of reproductive isolation, Formation of a geographic barrier B) Yes, x linked dominant 1 D. a system of cultrue D. three fourths blue long and one fourth orange short eggs Another monophyletic group example can be seen in domesticated dogs. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. A. He felt disappointed but decided to study an hour each night Weegy: The best time to weigh yourself is in the: morning after you exercise. E. 5, What happens to species diversity as latitude decreases? A. temporal C. horizontal gene transfer. E. 0.08, In a population of 1250 aphids on your small rosebush, 50 died on a particular day, while 25 were born. D. keratinous scales Yinka also lacks the trait, but her mother has hemophilia and her father is unaffected. Which species is most likely a decomposer/detritivore in this food web? D. smaller; farther away from D. two species of rattlesnakes that both rattle their tails, two species of unpalatable butterfly have the same color patterns, Applications and Investigations In Earth Science, Dennis G. Tasa, Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Charles C. Plummer, Diane Carlson, Lisa Hammersley. A. feathers Which statement about evolution is false? Lions, echidnas (egg laying mammals that are found in Australia), Komodo dragons (large lizards that are found in Indonesian islands), and crocodiles are a monophyletic group, which is represented in this cladogram. A. derive carbon from organic compounds What is a Cladogram? - Biology LibreTexts D. RNA can replicate more accurately than DNA The runner's body is using anaerobic energy to power through the race. Although birds are considered reptiles, they are also considered their own class, known as Aves. It is weird to think of your family in scientific terms, but this is exactly how we classify organisms and how they are related to each other. The most probable source of this error would be? Use the tree to answer the questions that follow (ADD PICTURE). 3, 5, 2, 1, 4 Weegy: She is worried the restaurant will run out of bread for sandwiches best explains why Mae does not want to sell Weegy: Chinese communism pushed the idea that rural peasants were the force behind revolution -is how was Chinese Weegy: "Near the computer" is a prepositional phrase. You all share some of the same DNA that is specific to your monophyletic group, and this is known as a synapomorphy, which is simply a shared characteristic. E. recycling energy from other trophic levels, A. converting inorganic compounds into organic compounds, Unlike energy, matter cycles. The numbers 1 through 5 represent species that exist today. The root in the cladogram below is the last common ancestor of Species A, B, C, D, and E. Internal nodes or intersections on the cladogram show a point of divergence. E. habitat, Which of the following is true about the familiar mushroom form of fungi that we see above ground? clade. D. Bacteria can divide quickly using binary fission. Rain shadows may appear on one side of a mountain range New York CIty would receive more sunlight in december B. ocean currents The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concluded that carbon dioxide is the sole cause of climate change. In monophyletic groups, some organisms share more than one common ancestor. On the letter D is the most recent common ancestor of species 1 and 4. (ADD PICTURE) A. true 20 B. an unexpected spring snow storm kills all the sprouting tulip bulbs The trees that are most likely to avoid extinction in such an environment are those that? C. global wind patterns The numbers 1 through 5 represent species that exist today, What's the mst rocent common ancestor of species 1 and 4? Polyphyletic grouping compares two organisms without a common ancestor but has similarities that evolved separately. Exaptation: trait designed for one thing, now used for another Ex. The numbers 1 through 5 represent species that exist today. A. true A. Mark in the tree when the following 6 characters in the phylogeny: seeds, vascular system, cuticle, reproduction independent of water, pollen, fruit. D. 21 chromosome pairs and 21 unique chromosomes. List them. Species diversity increases Which of the following terms would best describe such a plant-herbivore interaction? C. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concluded that current evidence suggests that most of the warming that happened over the last 50 year is attributable to human causes, Biologists collected the data shown above from bird species inhabiting two islands near a mainland. Which of these interaction examples does not represent an antagonistic interaction? B) You observe that red F1 mice from above are all female and the black F1 mice are all male. E. 800, Human activity is affecting ecosystems by increasing their: All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. E. Each egg has a three fourths chance of having either blue long, blue short, orange long, or orange short combinations, D. Each egg has a one fourth chance of having either blue long, blue short, orange long, or orange short combinations, One example of polygenic inheritance is a person's height D. Stress can cause pigs to allocate resources to maintaining proper balance of metabolites Weegy: A runner is running the 60-meter dash, which is an oxygen-deficient race. B. stabilizing Cladogram Definition. D. sperm, Snail shells coil either ot the right (dextral) or to the left (sinstral). We have continually referred to evolution as a tinkerer in the material covered for this exam. Evolutionary dead ends - neanderthals, Paranthropus spp Find the allele frequencies and expected genotype frequencies. C. Gizzards are the shared derived trait uniting pigeons and crocodiles A. feathers The figure shows the three types of groupings; monophyletic, polyphyletic, and paraphyletic. Komodo dragons and crocodiles also share another synapomorphy, which is being ectothermic (their body temperature is regulated by the environment). BRCA1 mutation increases cancer risk on exposure to reproductive hormones. Vertebrates 3. B. a gizzard Each branch represents a new distinct trait that was not seen in the group lower on the tree . A. abiogenesis. around the world. A branch is a line on the cladogram and a node is where two lines meet in a cladogram. GPP-NPP. Which hormone below is found in many fruits and can become airborne and cause over-ripening and abscission? Echidnas, Komodo dragons, and crocodiles also share another synapomorphy besides having four limbs; they all lay eggs. C. 5, 3, 2, 1, 4 0.2 C. rising D. none of them, A triploid cell contains three sets of chromosomes. For a virus, what advantages and disadvantages does the lytic lifecycle have compared with the lysogenic lifecycle? Refer to the cladogram shown above. Thenumbers 1 through 5 represent 2. According to the cladogram of primates shown, which key cultural B. Let's take a look at a more complex cladogram. User: each one of the following words ends in est. 3. B. C. Bears eat blueberries; then they defecate the blueberry seeds throughout the forest, and the seeds germinate B. A. -is the amount of blood pumped out with each hearbeat. info@gurukoolhub.com +1-408-834-0167; refer to the cladogram shown above weegy. A. either two number 12 chromosomes with blue genes or two with orange genes C. spore B. (2 points) Part II: Types of groups. Refer to the cladogram shown above. C. disruptive The node circled in blue indicates that earthworms, birds, and snakes all have a common ancestor. B. commensalism B. homo erectus Formation of a geographic barrier, genetic divergence, development of reproductive isolation, Which circumstances is most likely to lead to speciation in only a couple of generations? D. eating meat is an inefficient way of acquiring photosynthetic productivity, D. eating meat is an inefficient way of acquiring photosynthetic productivity, In some circumstances, grasses benefit from being grazed by bison. Three taxonomic groups are circled on the cladogram below. Question: 9. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. B. false, In intersexual selection, females may show a preference for a trait before the trait has ever evolved 2 The aneuploid condition resulting from this error could be which of the following? 0.02 1. - Definition, History Pros, Cons & Examples, Y Chromosome: Definition, Disorders & Structure, Genetic Linkage: Problems, Mapping & Studies, Gregor Mendel: Biography, Facts & Timeline, Mendelian & Non-Mendelian Traits in Humans: Definition & List, The Differences Between Primary & Secondary Succession, Recessive Epistasis: Definition, Examples & Causes, The Origin and History of Life On Earth: Help and Review, Basic Molecular Biology Laboratory Techniques: Help and Review, SAT Subject Test Chemistry: Practice and Study Guide, Biosphere & Ocean Absorption of Greenhouse Gases, Practical Application: How to Create a Family Pedigree, Explaining & Analyzing Processes of Life in Biology: Practice Problems, Explaining & Analyzing Physical Structures in Biology: Practice Problems, Lens Types: Simple, Compound & Other Types, Heating Systems: Forced-Air, Radiator & Electric, Arthur B. McDonald: Biography & Nobel Prize, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. C. Half the eggs will have maternal and half will have paternal combinations Taxa can be general groups of organisms, such as vertebrates, or they can be as specific as a species, like an African Elephant. B. to have three germ layers that form the body cavity within the mesoderm B. RNA could have evolved into DNA B. node 2 Explain your answer. What is true about two organisms that share the same common ancestor. Which of the following terms best describes this? Choose the answer is correct given the table above. Refer to the cladogram shown above. Which biogeochemical cycle is driven by symbiotic interactions (at its origin)? C. 0.05 D. Fish that swim the fastest in running water catch the most prey and more easily escape predation A few organisms of a larger population survive a drought and then these survivors emigrate to less arid environments D. genomic imprinting A. true This is an example of _______ selection. which of the following types of evidence is considered the most accurate in classifying organisms, according to the majority of scientists? The Koala belongs to the letter F in the cladogram.So, the option D is correct.. What do you mean by Cladogram? E. None of the above, Refer to the cladogram shown (ADD PICTURE). species, but a different family. According to the MacArthur-Wilson model, what could be the relationship between the two islands? B. mutations tend to occur when an organism needs them B. there is an excess of plant biomass in all terrestrial ecosystems Blank refers to the loudness of your voice. As seen in the cladograms above, the figure shows grouping examples, including a . B. competitive interactions with the fungi E. chimpanzee and crocodile, Refer to the cladogram shown (ADD PICTURE). These groups are referred to as clades. C. The lytic lifecycle allows viruses to reproduce when the host cell what should be added when an adverb begings a sentence. A. ability to survive with good health The best time to weigh yourself is in the. which one Weegy: Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped out with each heartbeat. B. E. intersexual, Study the graphs below. E. extra digits are a result of parasites on the islands that infect developing kittens, Widows peak is an autosomal dominant condition. An outgroup may be included on a cladogram to compare the other groups to. Weegy: The term that fits the definition provided is "body image". Tetrapods 2. the number 1 through 5 percent species that exist today. C. an increase in the incidence of malaria as populations of mosquitoes increase E. genomic imprinting, Cats were introduced to the island of Key West, FL by settlers. A. crocodile and pigeon B. E. pleiotropy, Which of the following statements about mutations is true? Area 1 has a higher average temperature than area 2 B. what s the most recent common ancestor of species 1 and 4. . What type of reproductive isolation is this? C. biodiversity The pedigree given shows a family in which the shaded individuals have the condition. This information shows that humans have a more common ancestor with chimpanzees and bonobos and are therefore a monophyletic grouping. A. I Indicate what type of group they represent. Each line is called a branch. Monophyletic Groups: Definition & Examples | Study.com C. node 3, Use the matrix table to answer the next question (ADD PICTURE). E. disperse many seeds in close proximity to the parent tree, A. have seeds that are easily dispersed by wind or animals, Generally speaking, deserts are located in places where air masses are usually: They also have teacher certifications in Biology and General Science. For a virus, advantages and disadvantages that the lytic lifecycle have compared with the lysogenic lifecycle: The lytic lifecycle allows viruses to reproduce more quickly but also kills the host and forces the virus to find a new host cell. C. 3 User: each one of the following words ends in est. its scientific name is, scientists don't use the common names of organisms because, an organism may have more than one common name C. Climate refers to the average long term atmospheric conditions, whereas weather refers to short term atmospheric condition B. crocodile and lizard The organisms will be branched from a common ancestor on a phylogenetic tree. 1. A. two species of unpalatable butterfly have the same color patterns Concerning monophyletic grouping, it is important to understand the relationships between living things and the classification of the organisms. B. false, Pathogens eventually evolve towards a less virulent coexistence with their hosts On the letter D is the most recent common ancestor of species 1 and 4. . refer to the cladogram shown above weegy D. one chromosome 12 with one blue gene and one chromosome 19 with one long gene, D. one chromosome 12 with one blue gene and one chromosome 19 with one long gene, A certain (hypothetical) organism is diploid, has either blue or orange wings as the consequence of its genes on chromosome 1,2, and either long or short antennae as the result of a second gene on chromosome 19, as shown. Polyphyletic groups include two organisms that do not have a common ancestor and may be part of a monophyletic grouping or from two separate monophyletic groupings. A. behavioral C. the cells of the mushroom are all haploid gametes B. Nematodes feed on the starches in plant roots; the roots live but their growth is slowed A. converting inorganic compounds into organic compounds C. reduced jawbone Which synapomorphy unites the salamander and the lizard? Etiology is looking at the origin of something. B. Phylogeny D. reduced hybrid viability A. Aphids pierce tree stems and consume plant sap, but they do not damage plant leaves A. On the right, redraw the tree to show the relationships only among these 5 newly discovered species. Birds and snakes share another synapomorphy, that they are vertebrates. 2 A. Organism B is the outgroup, D and E are the most closely related A. A. A. the species is diploid with 32 chromosome per cell C. 63 chromosomes, each with three chromatids A.Abscisic acid B.Cytokin C. Ethylene D.Auxin, See all questions asked by kingeduardo122@gmail.com, what should be added when an adverb begings a sentence. A cladogram can be simple, comparing only two or three groups of organisms, or . Body is the mental image people have of their own bodies. Blank refers to the loudness of your voice. - Definition & Examples, What are Genotypes? In what way(s) are males of species known to compete for mates during copulation? B. The shaded taxa correspond to groups that have evolved jaw like structures. B. E. None of the above, Refer to the cladogram shown (ADD PICTURE). A cladogram is a family tree for organisms. The best time to weigh yourself is in the. Cladogram - Definition and Examples | Biology Dictionary B. 63 chromosomes in 31 1/2 pairs E. where carbon is being sequestered in the cycle, B. the rate of element movements between reservoirs, Which of the following most often controls the rate of nutrient cycling in ecosystems? Derived character states shared by clade members are called. I feel like its a lifeline. which of the following is a limitation of the phylogenetic species concept? Body is the mental image people have of their own bodies. Refer to the cladogram shown above. The root shows the ancestor that all organisms in the cladogram share. All rights reserved. C. derive energy from sunlight, Transduction, conjugation, and transformation allow all eukaryotes to laterally transfer their genes. which domain includes organisms that are called extremophiles, which character distinguishes fungi from plantae, the organism Quercus phellos is a member of the genus, which of the following Kingdoms is not included in the Domain Eukarya. Along the top line of the table, make a column for each animal you want to include in your cladogram. 0.04 12800 Draw a phylogenetic tree that depicts the evolution of the 4 major taxa of land plants: Bryophytes, Ferns, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms. What's the most recent common ancestor of species 1 and 4? A. the nature and size of the reservoirs D. photosynthesis moves carbon from inorganic to organic pools; respiration does the opposite D. Gypsy moth caterpillars feed on the leaves of oak and aspen, defoliating and stressing the trees Plants have many different hormones that influence their growth, development, and life cycle. These relationships are based on observable physical characteristics. A. differential heating of Earth's surface by the sun The numbers 1 through 5 represent species that exist today. A. Lithoheterotroph You mate him with one of his black siblings. A. rate of decomposition of detritus Which of the statements is true? 100% D. have seeds that become viable only after a forest fire On the letter D is the most recent common ancestor of species 1 and 4. . refer to the cladogram shown above weegy. Stress reduces fecundity in boll weevil populations what do you predict about the flower color of the offspring resulting from this cross? B. humid They will also have similar genetics. Formation of a geographic barrier, development of reproductive isolation, genetic divergence D. large aggregations of guppies near a food source other competitors for this resource A. true A. mutualism a shark's skeleton is made of cartilage while a dolphin's is made of bone. How to Read a Cladogram: 5 Interpretation Tips Write a program to spell out MISSISSIPPI using block letters A) The amount of nitrate and phosphate in the soil and wild flower abundance and diversity C. evaporation from oceans Explain how a trait such as trap like jaws can evolve independently in these unrelated groups, different groups facing similar selection pressures can lead to the convergent evolution of similar structures. Try to come up with around twice the number of characteristics as you have animals. D. All eukaryotes except colonial and multicellular groups, C. All eukaryotes except animals, plants, and fungi, Given the following clades what is the most likely order of evolutionary origin from earliest to most recent? These will be further discussed in the rest of this lesson. Create your account. The difference between the two is: When seeds are not plentiful, trees produce more seeds C. 3 Which of these reproductive isolation mechanisms is most likely affecting sea urchins? When these organisms have common traits, this is known as a synapomorphy. Cladograms are visual representations of monophyletic groups and are used to help understand the shared traits or synapomorphies of the organisms in a monophyletic group. B. both photosynthesis and respiration cycle carbon through inorganic pools From the example above, humans, bonobos, and chimpanzees only have a genetic difference of approximately 1.2%. They have a Masters in education from Sacred Heart University and Bachelors in Biology from the University of Connecticut. A. Prezygotic isolation All eukaryotes C. Anatomy A. heterogeneity a branching diagram like the one shown is called a, in cladistics, an outgroup refers to organisms that share, no derived characters with other groups being studied, refer to the illustration above. significance: chloroplasts and mitochondria were once free living aerobic prokaryotes, engulfed by anaerobic prokaryote - mutually beneficial -- host provided carbon and protection -- chloroplast came from cyanobacteria Varieties of Phylogenetic Grouping Including a Monophyletic Group. Explain what is meant by this term and provide 3 different examples of how this is true. Cladograms show the relationships in a graphic that looks like a tree, with branches connected to a common ancestry. C. an important measure of ecosystem productivity E. mutation rate, B. contribution to the gene pool of the next generation, What is the genotype for individual III4? They both have the same frequency. Monophyletic grouping helps scientists understand relationships between organisms with a common ancestor. Where two branches meet is called a node. A. only blue short gene eggs A) 0.02% A. fewer animals are slaughtered for human consumption This node circled in red indicates that lions, echidnas, Komodo dragons, and crocodiles share a common ancestor, and the synapomorphy they share is that all of these animals have four limbs. This cladogram does not mean that earthworms evolved before birds and snakes. Refer to the cladogram shown above. The numbers 1 through 5 - Weegy B. XAXa C. 25% Independent assortment of chromosomes is a result of Competitive exclusion operates best when a community experiences intermediate disturbances E. A mistletoe plant grows haustoria into the bark of a tree, but is able to photosynthesize, C. Bears eat blueberries; then they defecate the blueberry seeds throughout the forest, and the seeds germinate, Leaf-cutter ants that tend fungal gardens protect their crop from mold by means of: E. Photoheterotroph, The term "protists" collectively refers to: biology chapter 17 Flashcards | Quizlet C. Robins that reproduce early with large broods do not live very long A cladogram is a diagram used to represent a hypothetical relationship between groups of animals, called a phylogeny.A cladogram is used by a scientist studying phylogenetic systematics to visualize the groups of organisms being compared, how they are related, and their most common ancestors. A. the amount of energy producers burn when they metabolize C. The rates of colonization of bird species will decrease with increasing distance of the island form the mainland, leading to lesser diversity with distance homo erectus D. Aa You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. A cladogram is a diagram that shows relationships between species. Which hypothesis is more likely Lizards, crocodiles, and T. rex have many characteristics in common, and they form their own class classified as reptilia. Learn all about monophyletic groups and see the definition of monophyletic. Today, grouping is created by comparing the genetic information of organisms. On the letter D is the most recent common ancestor of species 1 and 4. B. the endosymbiotic theory. B) no, children of both matings have the same chance of expressing hemophilia because both Vanessa and Yinka are carriers, Which sequence represents the most likely chronological order of events in the development of geographic speciation, from earliest to latest? C. Organism D is the outgroup, B and E are the most closely related B. The sequences of genes or proteins can be compared among . E. photosynthesis occurs primarily over land, respiration occurs primarily over the oceans, D. photosynthesis moves carbon from inorganic to organic pools; respiration does the opposite, Which of the following is an example of Mullerian mimicry? C. higher mutation rates on islands If a heterozygous inflated plant is crossed with a homozygous inflated plant, what percent of the offspring will be inflated? A. Taxonomy Mitochondria and chloroplasts, organelles inside of eukaryotic cells, have their own membranes and genetic material. A. both photosynthesis and respiration cycle carbon through organic pools A. A) 50% Use the tree to answer the questions that follow (ADD PICTURE). Her mother is not affected. BSCI 160 Final Flashcards | Quizlet B. B. birds D. Water, Which biogeochemical cycle is best represented in the diagram to the left? Females: choice, can afford to wait until fittest sperm comes along, eggs are energetically expensive, success is not varied - pregnant or not, choose mate by good genes or sexy son hypothesis, quality over quantity, Define epigenetics and its influence on gene expression in the human population, epigenetics: combo of non DNA expression that influences gene expression - change physical structure to inhibit or enable expression Phenotype 320 90 90 4. muscular post anal tail, Which of the following could be considered an ancestral trait in the evolution of humans? A. a keystone species has little interaction with other species in an environment At the end of each branch, there are taxa. A monophyletic group is a group of organisms that share a common ancestor. Gorillas are found in a separate grouping because they have a genetic difference of about 1.6%, slightly more than the differences found in bonobos and chimps.