Oct . 2nd New Jersey Regiment (aka The Western Battalion) . Within each category the records are arranged as follows: U.S., Sons of the American Revolution Membership Applications, 1889-1970, U.S., Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty-Land Warrant Application Files, 1800-1900, Provided in association with National Archives and Records Administration. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. Federal Identification Number (EIN): 54-1426643. [17], American gunners were effective in hitting targeted British artillery positions and fortifications and in inflicting great damage on British troops. The 1st Regiment did not reach Charleston before Lincoln surrendered the city to the British, so it joined the Southern Army under Gen. Horatio Gates (and later, Gen. Nathanael Greene) and served in the Carolinas. Ibid. A British sentry fires at the Americans and the Americans proceeded to assault the fortification, climbing over the parapet and descending into the redoubt. When they found the French fleet was instead sailing to the Chesapeake Bay, Washington concocted a new plan. redoubts) with artillery batteries and connecting trenches. With a small force left in New York, about 2,500 Americans and 4,000 French soldiersfacing some 8,000 British troopsbegan digging their own trenches 800 yards from the Brits and started a nearly week-long artillery assault on the enemy on October 9. Oct . Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783; Microfilm Publication M246, 138 rolls; NAID: 602384; War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records, Record Group 93; The National Archives in Washington, D.C. But her search into the past leads her to a dark secret. [5] William W. Reynolds, Virginia State and Continental Regiments at the Siege of Yorktown, Military Collector & Historian 68 (2016): 347. This database contains U.S. Navy muster rolls and associated reports of changes for U.S. Navy enlisted personnel who served on U.S. Navy ships or in other naval activities between 31 January 1938 and 31 December 1949. Olive Tree Genealogy was chosen by Family Tree Magazine as one of the 101 Best Genealogy Websites 2017! [15] Orderly Books for Col. John Lambs Second Regiment, New York Historical Society, entries for October 8-16, 1781; William Stevens, A System for the Discipline of the Artillery of the United States of America, or, the Young Artillerists Pocket Companion (New York: William A. Davis, 1797), 195. Early in the siege a typical detail from the 2nd Regiment numbered fourteen, to which were added men from the other artillery regiments as well as the three auxiliary units. Knox rotated this duty among the company officers of all four Continental artillery regiments. American Revolution: Battle of Yorktown - Ducksters How to search for musters and pay lists c.1730-1878, 4. Check out the Genealogy Books written by Olive Tree Genealogy! Siege of Yorktown - Wikipedia The war with Britain had reached a stalemate. 19, 1781 To speed up the siege of the two redoubtsFrench troops were to take redoubt No. Another British victory, in the Battle of Camden, followed in August 1780. Cornwallis stated after the siege that all our guns on the left were silenced, our works much damaged, and our loss of men considerable. Following the siege French gunners praised their American counterparts, as did Lt. Gen. Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, Comte de Rochambeau and his generals. [19], Following the surrender of Cornwallis, Knox released the Virginia State Regiment, Delaware Regiment, and Virginia militia to go their separate ways. Revolutionary War Militia Overview - Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Surrender of Conwallis. Gershom Mott was in hospital at Albany and Capt. The files can contain a wide variety of records submitted to support an application. It is important to view the image of the original record as additional information about the individual will likely be listed. The British surrender forecast the end of British rule in the colonies and the birth of a new nationthe United States of America. $249.99 Add to Favorites . Revolutionary War - Rosters and Records - PA-Roots These details were comprised of members of all four artillery regiments and the three auxiliary units, with the artillerymen providing approximately half of each detail. The Siege of Yorktown was the culminating act of the Yorktown campaign, a series of military operations occupying much of 1781 during the American Revolutionary War. One of the most beautiful courses in Virginia, the run is entirely on the Yorktown Battlefield tour roads, with scenic views of woods, meadows, fields and creeks. Niagara Falls Assortment, 1 Box. The resulting shortfall led to the assignment to Knox on October 6 of the Virginia State Regiment under Lt. Col. Charles Dabney, the Delaware Regiment under Capt. 19, 1781 Assuming he brought forty-five artillery pieces as planned, he would have needed approximately eight hundred men to provide crews for all pieces for alternating days on duty. John Mackenzie During the day beginning on October 14 American artillerymen suffered one killed and two wounded, while the next day two men were killed and three wounded. Knoxs order for ricochet firing may account for many of the unexploded shells since fuses could have been damaged or torn out from ground contact before the shells exploded. These men cleaned shot, made cartridges, and proved and filled shells. At that point, Hamilton and his men rallied from their trenches and sprinted across a quarter-mile of field with fixed bayonets. Lists numbers of prisoners taken 19 October 1781 in the British surrender of Yorktown (excluding marine prisoners). . Nov. 7, 1781 During the Crimean War, men were recruited abroad to form the British German Legion, the British Italian Legion, and the British Swiss Legion. Oct . United States Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 FamilySearch Access to Military Service and Pension Records. [4], The other three Continental artillery regiments were represented by detachments that arrived at Yorktown through a variety of circumstances. Stay up-to-date on our FREE educational resources & professional development opportunities, all designed to support your work teaching American history. Jno. To more easily find your ancestor in this collection, you'll need to know the state and military unit. On receiving word that the French fleet will be available for a siege south of New Jersey,Washington and Rochambeau move their force of almost 8,000 men south to Virginia, planning to join and lead about 12,000 other militia, French troops, and Continental troops in a siege of Yorktown. His artillery consists of three 24-pounders, three 18-pounders, two 8-inch (203 mm) howitzers, and 6 mortars, totaling 14 guns. Francis Bilas Aircraft Carrier Yorktown (Yorktown-class) (CV-5) | World War II Database The men detailed for service in the batteries formed each day at 11 A.M. before marching to their assigned battery or redoubt for a twenty-four-hour tour of duty beginning at noon. Lafayettes force arrived at Richmond in late April and spent the spring and summer maneuvering against British forces under Gen. William Phillips, and after his death under Lt. Gen. Charles, Lord Cornwallis. Surrender at You can browse these by regiment. George Washington's Integrated Army - American Battlefield Trust [21] Knoxs Brigade Orders, The Magazine of American History 6: 51. How to search for musters and pay lists 1878-1898, Friends of The National The Legion Muster Rolls from February 23, 1781 through February 23, 1782 listed the names of a large number of enlisted members as being a prisoner as of January 17, 1781 (the date of the Cowpens battle) or as of February 23, 1781 (the date of the first muster roll prepared after the battle). Muster rolls for the other two regiments for early 1782 are proxies for the September 1781 rolls. Most of the muster rolls that have survived were made up just before the men were discharged from duty. Credit: Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images, How Alexander Hamilton's Men Surprised the Enemy at the Battle of Yorktown, https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/siege-of-yorktown. 19, 1781 After nightfall on October 14, the allies fired several consecutive shells in the air that brilliantly illuminated the sky, Chernow writes. The 1st Maryland Regiment under William Smallwood was held in reserve. Journal Of The Brigade Of The American Revolution vol. Corp'l How it ended American victory. . September 28. Those of the Italian Legion no longer survive. Of his 400 infantrymen, Hamilton lost just nine in the attack, with some 30 wounded, while the 400 French-led troops lost 27 men, with 109 wounded, according to Fleming. Not at Yorktown surrender. At 1057, Lieutenant Michio Kobayashi and his 18-dive bomber unit took off from Hiryu to attack American carrier Yorktown, escorted by 6 fighters. When news of Cornwalliss surrender reaches London on November 25, the Prime Minister, Lord North, declares, Oh God. Seeking Fortune: The Revolutionary Path(s) of Fortune Freeman and The siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown, the surrender at Yorktown, or the German battle because of the presence of Germans in all three armies, began September 28, 1781 and ended on October 19, 1781, in Yorktown, Virginia. The muster rolls are on fold3.com. While he awaits supplies and much-needed reinforcements from the Royal Navy, the Continental Army seizes an opportunity. Subscribe now for regular news, updates and priority booking for events.Sign up, All content is available under the Open Government Licence Washington ordered the construction of large camps with huge brick bread ovens where Clinton could see them to create the illusion that the Continental Army was preparing for a long stay. Presumably the detachment from the 3rd Continental Artillery Regiment returned to their base in the New York Highlands. Washington also prepared false papers discussing attack plans on Clinton, and let these papers fall into British hands.. DOC Roster of Patriot Soldiers at the Battles of Ninety Six (1775 & 1781) 10. With the mission refocused on taking Cornwalliss army in Yorktown, the French continued their trek for 300 miles and five weeks and helped win a critical victory for the Americans. Please note, a small selection of muster rolls and pay lists from WO 12 are available online via Ancestry (). Yorktown. Knox testified to the importance of this work through his complaint about the quality of the shells which had been cast by Pennsylvania ironworks, compared with those from a New Jersey supplier; workers in the laboratory did essential duty in proof-testing the shells and sending the batteries only good ammunition. All articles are regularly reviewed and updated by the HISTORY.com team. The other five captains were present during the siege. There are some difficulties in using WO 16, caused by the re-organisation of the Army in 1881. 6x gr.grandfather and John ludwig married his daughter and Watch our webinar on Army musters more than just accounts which tells you what you can discover in the records. In a last-ditch effort, Cornwallis orders a futile counterattack on October 15, which fails miserably. This series is arranged in two chronological segments (18981930 and 19311939), and thereunder alphabetically by the name or type of vessel or shore unit. July 3, 1780: Oneidas attacked by Indians and Tories. Journal Of The Brigade Of The American Revolution vol. Battle of Springfield; Battle of Yorktown. From 1888 onwards, the series contains only muster rolls, there are no longer any pay lists and by 1898 muster rolls were no longer kept by the War Office either. In 1779, despite Louis support, the Continental Army, was still struggling. An index to the names of individuals contained in these records was created by Direct Data Capture. They also assisted Capt. Cowpens, in its part in the Revolution, was a surprising victory and a turning point that changed the psychology of the entire war. Samuel Eddins Company of the 1st Regiment was detached to Yorktown in February 1781 to protect prizes anchored in York River, and Capt. Ebenezer Denny, an American soldier who witnessed the event, noted in his journal the low British morale, as their drums beat as if they did not care how. Denny does not note any singing. At that time, musicians played in the regiment in which they enlisted, not in a large massed band. While daylight probably saw more action than nighttime, Washington was determined to force the British to surrender before reinforcements arrived and directed that the bombardment continue around the clock. Our work has been featured by the New York Times, TIME magazine, History Channel, Discovery Channel, Smithsonian, Mental Floss, NPR, and more. A new parallel trench, 400 yards closer to the British lines, was ordered by Washington on October 11, but completing it would entail taking out the British redoubts No. A total of 14,000 men were recruited, although none saw active service: they were disbanded after the war. Aerial Assortments. For those covering the date of the Battle of Waterloo you can also search by an individuals name. During the attack on Redoubts 9 and 10 on the evening of October 14, the 2nd Artillerys Capt. Private [9], Knox undoubtedly knew before he left New York that he would not have trained gunners sufficient for the number of pieces of siege artillery he planned to take to Yorktown, and this muster provided confirmation. Yorktown Virtual Tour. 26-32. The password for the operation is Rochambeau, which the Americans translate as Rush on boys! The assault commences with a diversionary attack on a redoubt further to the north of Yorktown at 6:30 p.m., giving the appearance that the town itself was to be stormed. The Battle of Cowpens - National Park Service This information will help us make improvements to the website. Send Students on School Field Trips to Battlefields Your Gift Tripled! On September 5, while the Allied army is still on route, the French fleet guards the entrance to the Chesapeake Bay. Dodging heavy fire, they let out war whoops that startled their enemies. 19, 1781 Aerial. [Return of prisoners taken at the surrender of the British garrisons of They are found at the end of each quarter (or the beginning for regiments stationed in India). Specifying only 160 militiamen suggests that Knox had determined he needed a total of 420 auxiliaries, since there were plenty of militiamen available to him at Yorktown. 1832, he says that there are in his department no rolls of the State troops except those of Virginia, and no rolls of the militia except those of New Hampshire. Record of Service of Connecticut Men in the War of the Revolution For those covering the date of the Battle of Waterloo you can also search by an individual's name. Sick at F When British General Lord Charles Cornwallis and his army surrendered toGeneralGeorge Washingtons American force and its French allies at the Battle of Yorktown on October 19, 1781, it was more than just military win. As the work on the parallels continues, the British attempt to disrupt Allied operations by using what little artillery they have left. In the Battle of Camden, (South Carolina), August 16, 1780, Major General Horatio Gates, a former British officer, placed Mordecai Gist's 2nd Maryland on right flank, in traditional British deployment, the place of honor. Benedict Arnold. Battle of Yorktown in the American Revolution| American Battlefield Trust The Childers reforms of 1881 (a process which began with the Cardwell reforms of the 1870s) led to major changes within infantry (foot) regiments: The arrangement of WO 16 reflects the re-organisation of the army following the Cardwell-Childers reforms. When the latter moved his army to Yorktown in August Lafayette followed and positioned his force, including Savages artillery, to block any attempt by Cornwallis to escape once he became aware of his isolation. Joseph Savage of the former regiment. In the afternoon, the Allied barrage begins, with the French opening the salvo. [4] Commissary General Samuel Hogdgon to Gen. Henry Knox, September 8, 1781, GLC02437.01173 and Invoice of Ordnance & Military Stores forwarded to the Southern Army, GLC02437.01168, GLI; Col. John Lamb to Lt. George Leacraft, September 25, 1781, and Col. John Lamb to Gen. Henry Knox, September 28, 1781, John Lamb Letterbooks, New York Historical Society, New York, NY; Francis S. Drake, Life and Correspondence of Henry Knox (Boston: Samuel G. Drake, 1873), 71. v3.0, Household troops, cavalry, guards, regular infantry, special regiments and corps, colonial troops, foreign legions and regiments, and regimental, brigade and other depots, From 1816 to 1856, the musters are principally of the Royal Corps of Sappers and Miners, and list only NCOs and other ranks. Thus it was a reduced contingent of the 4th Continental Artillery that was available to Knox in September. Surrounded by enemy fire, and blocked from receiving aid by the French fleet that had arrived in Chesapeake Bay, Cornwallis was trapped. present October 14. Althause is my To identify state and military unit of interest . Private Thank you Stuart. FAQ; Site Index; Espaol; Stay Connected. Please note, a small selection of muster rolls and pay lists from WO 12 are available online via Ancestry (). Aerial. research. Their daily rate of fire averaged 686 rounds varying from a low of about 240 to a high of over 1,600; American gunners hurled over one hundred tons of metal at the British during the bombardment. On September 3, 1783, the Revolutionary War came to an official end with the signing of the Treaty of Paris. 19, 1781 [12], Most of the artillery had been hauled from Trebells Landing across the peninsula six miles to the artillery park by October 6 allowing Knoxs men to concentrate on completing the batteries and moving guns and mortars into them. 19, 1781 John Althause and John Ludwig De Beck and John $159.99 Add to Favorites . I've attached Muster Roll of John Althause's Company of New 10Washington ordered the use of bayonets, rather than pounding them slowly into submission with cannon, writes Ron Chernow in Alexander Hamilton. This series is arranged in three chronological segments (18601879, 18801891, and 18921900), and thereunder alphabetically by the vessel name. We feature smart, groundbreaking research and well-written narratives from expert writers. v3.0, except where otherwise stated, British Army muster rolls and pay lists c.1730-1898, 3. It is all over. The legend about the British singing a popular tune called The World Turned Upside Down originated 30 years after the war in Alexander GardensAnecdotes of the American Revolution2ndseries (Charleston, 1828), p. 18. Absent Why Proclaimed traitors to the US 1778. As American troops hack at the abatis with axes, the British are alerted. Journal of the American Revolution is the leading source of knowledge about the American Revolution and Founding Era. List of Maryland Military Units in the Revolutionary War This guide provides advice on finding records held at The National Archives known as muster rolls, pay lists and description books. PA Revolutionary War Records from Archives. 10 siege would be led by Colonel Alexander Hamilton. Missing You may want to start by searching for a person's Military Service Records and Pension and Bounty Land records. Present The French commander was a respected officer named Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau. After the British had been escorted away towards prisoner of war camps, the artillerymen loaded the siege guns and supplies on transports for return up the Chesapeake Bay. Serious fighting ensues in close quarters, but the British are overwhelmed. [1] Robert Selig, The March to Victory: Washington, Rochambeau, and the Yorktown Campaign of 1781, CMH Pub. [20], The American gunners who served at the Siege of Yorktown participated in the longest, most intense, and most decisive artillery engagement of the Revolutionary War. The new line is in place by the morning of October 12. [3] The seven companies are mentioned in the assignments for responsibility of ordnance in Regimental Orders, October 1, 1781, Orderly Book of the Second Regiment of Continental Artillery, MS2003.12, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, Williamsburg, Virginia. There were casualties in equipment also: two 18-pounders burst; one 10-inch mortar was disabled; and one howitzer was dismounted. It is so dramatic, in fact, that playwright and composer Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote his own version of the fictional tune to cap the Battle of Yorktown scene in his Broadway hit Hamilton. Alex Collins Oct . These freemen were conscripted, illegally detained, and held as slaves after their enlistments expire. The 10-Miler is both a Peninsula Track Club Grand Prix Event and Hampton Roads Super Grand Prix Event. U.S. Navy Muster Rolls, 1798-1939 | National Archives Blindfolded and brought inside American lines, the British officer secures terms of surrender for the British Army. 70-104-1 (Washington: U.S. Army Center of Military History, 2007), 43; Robert Arthur, The End of a Revolution (New York: Vantage Press, 1965), 159. present His Pennsylvanians led the engagement with the British at the Battle of Green Springs on July 6, where the artillery suffered losses of men and guns. There are also description books for the Royal Artillery, 1749-1863 and 1773-1876, in WO 54/260-309 and WO 69/74-80, respectively, and for the Royal Irish Artillery, 1756-1774, in WO 69/620. Every two days each pair of officers switched assignments between the batteries and the park. The number of pieces of French ordnance deployed at Yorktown is difficult to determine with complete confidence. Loyalist Institute: British Legion, Infantry Officers - Brandwares It is a stunning victory with the Americans sustaining only 34 casualties. October 17. The Battle of Yorktown was the last great battle of the American Revolutionary War. Thomas Bliss may have remained at Head of Elk to forward supplies to the army, according to Monthly Return of the Corps of Artillery September 1781, GLC02437.10495, GLI. web pages James Mc Owen Feverishly working night and day, soldiers of the combined forces employ spades and axes to create a perimeter line of trenches that will trap the British. Mar. Militia, United States -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Regimental histories, Pennsylvania -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Sources, United States -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Registers Publisher By virtue of its size among the artillery units at Yorktown the 2nd Continental Artillery Regiment became the core American artillery unit there. died Oct. 21, 1781 Ensign 19, 1781 You can search this index by using the search template above. Oct . John Armstrong. A-030. The latter was comprised of three companies, two of which were commanded by Captains William Ferguson and Patrick Duffy. Missing Washington lauded the judicious and spirited management of [the artillery] in the parallels and Knox published his individual and collective thanks. The siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown, the surrender at Yorktown, or the German battle, ending on October 19, 1781, at Yorktown, Virginia, was a decisive victory by a combined force of the American Continental Army troops led by General George Washington and Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, and French Army troops led Images of muster rolls, payrolls, strength returns, and other personnel, pay, and supply records of the American Army during the Revolutionary War. Use the arrows at the bottom of the tour to navigate between scenes and click the tour points to learn more about the battlefield. General Nathanael Greene had taken over command of the American Continental Army in the South. The records contained in this database regard only the Continental Army, and state and other units that served with them. Alternatively, search The National Archives Library to see what is available to consult at Kew. URL: http://olivetreegenealogy.com/ Oct . 9 and No. Record types contained in this collection include: Muster rolls Payrolls Strength returns Misc., personnel, pay, and supply records of American Army units After six years of war, both the British and Continental armies were exhausted. The march they chose was The World Turned Upside Down. The anecdote was told second hand by a Maj. William Jackson of Philadelphia, who claimed to have received the information from Lt. Col. John Laurens. 1. Joseph Savage to Lafayette, May 26, 1781, GLC02437.00955, Return of the Companies of Artillery attached to the Brigades of the Line-Octr 5, 1781, GLC02437.01208, and Capt.
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