[45] According to CSR president Zhang Chenghong, CSR "made the bold move of forming a systemic development platform for high-speed locomotives and further upgrading its design and manufacturing technology. "Number of High-speed Railways in China as of August in 2019, by Profit Status and Speed. [68] 'Harmony') is for designs which are imported from other nations and designated CRH-1 through CRH-5 and CRH380A(L), CRH380B(L), and CRH380C(L). Then you can access your favorite statistics via the star in the header. The centerpiece of China's expansion into high-speed rail is a national high-speed rail grid consisting of mainly passenger dedicated lines that is overlaid onto the existing railway network. Most of the new lines follow the routes of existing trunk lines and are designated for passenger travel only. [129], By 2015, six high speed rail lines, BeijingTianjin, ShanghaiNanjing, BeijingShanghai, ShanghaiHangzhou, NanjingHangzhou and GuangzhouShenzhenHong Kong report operational profitability. Fares are competitive with bus and airfares and are about one-fourth the base fares in other countries. We would like to show you a description here but the site won't allow us. Most of the components of the CRH trains manufactured by Chinese companies were from local suppliers, with only a few parts imported. It was profitable every year between 2014 and 2019, according to national railway operator China State Railway Group Co. [37] The Japanese government touted the 40-year track record of the Shinkansen and offered favorable financing. You need at least a Starter Account to use this feature. [139] However, according to The New York Times, the Chinese high-speed rail network is "one of the worlds safest transportation systems. Is China high-speed rail profitable? [54] Most of the lines follow the routes of existing trunk lines and are designated for passenger traffic only. With the right commercial strategy, high-speed rail (HSR) routes can be profitable, with some lines achieving modal shares of up to 65%. [47] Kawasaki challenged China's high-speed rail project for patent theft, but backed off the effort.[48]. And almost lines along Eastern coast are busy and profitable. In 2004, the State Council in its Mid-to-Long Term Railway Development Plan, adopted conventional track HSR technology over maglev for the BeijingShanghai High Speed Railway and three other northsouth high-speed rail lines. Those sections will carry a mix of passenger and freight. [102][103] By October, work had halted on the construction of 10,000km (6,200mi) of track. Despite impressive ridership figures, virtually every completed line has incurred losses in its first years of operation. [146], According to a costbenefit analysis by the Paulson Institute, the high-speed rail network benefits the Chinese economy by $378 billion, with an annual return on investment of 6.5%. China's flagship high-speed rail project in Indonesia is expected to become profitable 40 years after completion - not 20 as earlier projected - partly because plans to shift the capital to . China has built the world's largest bullet-train network [178], The Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan PDL lost 0.8billion in its first year and is set to lose 0.9billion in 2010. On April 19, 2008, HefeiNanjing PDL in the East opened with a top-speed of 250km/h (155mph). China's most profitable high-speed rail line, reporting 6.6 billion yuan (over $1 billion) in net operational profit in 2015, connects Beijing to Shanghai, two major economic zones. The price tag of the Shanghai Maglev was believed to be $1.3billion and was partially financed by the German government. [110] Five new lines totaling 2,563km (1,593mi) in length entered operation between June 30 and December 31, including the Beijing-Wuhan section of the Beijing-Guangzhou line. Is China High-Speed Rail profitable? Fact Sheet | High Speed Rail Development Worldwide Now, two-thirds of the world's high-speed rail is in China and passengers take 3.7 billion rides every year, more than half of that number on high-speed trains. In 2021, China's high-speed rail network had covered 40,000 kilometers, connecting 93% of the country's cities with a population of over 500,000. "China to Bid on US High-Speed Rail Projects" A.P. 110,000 mainland Chinese tourists leave Hong Kong on first day of [61] Many users want proof that high-speed rail can be a profitable, efficient job generator to help raise the sagging U.S. economy when compared with other types of transportation. High-speed rail in China. [4], China Railway High-speed (CRH) () is the major high-speed rail service provided by state-owned railway manufacturing and construction corporation China Railway. Along with CRH3C, produced by Siemens and CNR Tangshan, CSR Sifang bid 60 sets of CRH2C. The institution also found "a broad range of travelers of different income levels choose HSR for its comfort, convenience, safety and punctuality. China: length of high speed rail operation network 2021 | Statista The CRH380AL train set, shown above at the, Growth of China's high-speed rail network, Early passenger-dedicated high-speed rail lines, Passenger-freight railways and connecting conventional lines. Most of China's hsr lines are actually quite busy. Ministry held the power drafting policy on railroad transposition, development of the rail network and rail infrastructure in China. The ideal entry-level account for individual users. [178] The terms of the loans range from 510 years at interest rates of 6.3 to 6.8 percent. [158], Overall, ridership is growing as the high-speed rail network continues to expand. Under political and public pressure, the National Audit Office (NAO) carried out an extensive investigation into the building quality of all high-speed rail lines. [106] As of October 12, 2011, the MOR had issued 160 billion of debt for the year. The most important key figures provide you with a compact summary of the topic of "High-speed rail in China" and take you straight to the corresponding statistics. The Economist estimates Liu accepted 1billion of bribes ($152million) in connection with railway construction projects. China's busiest high-speed rail line handles 1.35 billion passengers in Later, we began to independently develop high-speed CRH trains with a maximum velocity of 300350 kilometers per hour, which eventually rolled off the production line in December 2007. In June 2002, a domestically made DJF2 train set a record of 292.8km/h (181.9mph) on the track. [71] The CRH380A trainsets on the BeijingShanghai high-speed railway could reach a top operational speed of 380km/h (240mph) but were limited to 300km/h (186mph). Euro Carex (Europe Cargo Rail Express) is founded in April 2009 as an international non-profit association. [156] In an analysis conducted in 2019, only five out of fifteen high speed railway lines with travel speeds reaching 350 kilometers per hour, were able to cover all costs that included both the operating and capital costs.[157]. On one hand, the demand of high-speed rail in China steadily increases over time. [158] The Zhengzhou-Xian HSR since opening in February 2010 was expected to generate revenues of 0.6billion in its first full year but must make interest payments of 1.1billion. Bombardier transfers advanced and mature technology to China, which we do not treat as an experimental market.[44] Unlike other series which have imported prototypes, all CRH1 trains have been assembled at Bombardier's joint-venture with CSR, Bombardier Sifang in Qingdao. They are known as passenger-designated lines (PDL). [159] CRIC has also raised some capital through equity offerings; in the spring of 2010, CRIC sold a 4.5 percent stake in the BeijingShanghai high-speed railway to the Bank of China for 6.6billion and a 4.5 percent stake to the public for 6billion. [133], Since 2017, with the introduction of the Fuxing series of trains, a number of lines have resumed 350km/h operations such as BeijingShanghai HSR, BeijingTianjin ICR, and ChengduChongqing ICR. China has the world's only commercial maglev high-speed train line in operation. [188] As of October 2013, high-speed rail was carrying twice as many passengers each month as the country's airlines. [131], In 2016, with the near completion of the National 4+4 grid, a new "Mid-to-Long Term Railway Network" Plan was drafted. Train travel between central and southern Chinas largest cities, Wuhan and Guangzhou, was reduced to just over three hours. The GuiyangGuangzhou high-speed railway and LanzhouXinjiang high-speed railway (where fares do not cover electricity costs) are both suffering from high maintenance cost due to harsh climate conditions and complicated terrain structure. The new trains reduced travel time between Beijing and Shanghai by two hours to just under 10 hours. When considering route strategy, HSR's market share versus other modes must be well understood. Length of express railways in China 2008-2021. [38] However, Chinese citizens angry with Japan's denial of World War II war crimes organized a web campaign to oppose the awarding of HSR contracts to Japanese companies. [121] The number of high-speed train sets in operation grew from 1,277 pairs in June to 1,556.5 pairs in December. China's once profitable railways records $900bn debt over push for growth What was once China's profitable high-speed railways is now heading towards a trillion-dollar disaster after reports of debt nearing a whopping $900 billion ANI Asia China's railway records $900 bn debt amid push for expansion How fast is bullet train in China? In China, high-speed rail service is competitive with road and air transport for distances of up to about 1200 km. According to an analysis conducted in 2019, only five out of 15 fast 350 kilometers-per-hour high-speed railway lines in China could cover all costs, including operating and capital costs.. There is no better way of transportation than China's high-speed rail," Solheim added at his Wechat public account on Wednesday. China's high-speed railway between Beijing and Shanghai served 130 million people last year, and a shareholder says it made a net profit of $1 billion--its first since opening in 2011. Is high-speed rail travel on a track to nowhere? - BBC News [OC] 24 hours of high-speed trains in China - Reddit COVID-19 outbreak disrupted rail transport [84][85][86] The Wenzhou train accident and the lack of accountability by railway officials caused a public uproar and heightened concerns about the safety and management of China's high-speed rail system. The WuhanGuangzhou high-speed railway (Wuguang PDL), which opened on December 26, 2009, was the country's first cross-regional high-speed rail line. [89], The train collision exposed poor management by the railway company. The ballastless track technology, imported from Germany, carries higher upfront costs but can reduce maintenance costs. The plan envisions a larger 8+8 high speed rail grid serving the nation and expanded intercity lines for regional and commuter services for large metropolitan areas of China. China Railway reports the number of passengers carried by high-speed EMU train sets and this figure is frequently reported as high-speed ridership, even though this figure includes passengers from EMU trains providing sub-high speed service. [59], In February 2011, Railway Minister Liu Zhijun, a key proponent of HSR expansion in China, was removed from office on charges of corruption. [49], On October 19, 2010, the MOR announced the beginning of research and development of "super-speed" railway technology, which would increase the maximum speed of trains to over 500km/h (311mph). This is China High Speed Rail! . The grid is composed of eight high-speed rail corridors, four running northsouth and four eastwest, and has a total of 12,000km (7,456mi). The nation seeks to increase its high-speed rail network to 50,000 kilometers by 2025. [230] It overtook the G529/530 trains for the Beijing West - Beihai (Beihai Railway Station [zh]) service (2,697km (1,676mi), 15 1/2 hours for southbound train, 15 3/4 hours for northbound train), which had set the previous record on July 1, 2016. This would later allow the Chinese government through CRRC to make the more reliable Fuxing Hao and Hexie Hao trains. [104] But in the late summer, state banks began to cut back on lending to rail construction projects, which reduced funding for existing railway projects. To date, China owns the largest HSR system in the world, with a total operating high-speed rail network of 40,000 kilometers in 2021. [60] Zhang was estimated to have misappropriated to his personal overseas accounts the equivalent of $2.8 billion. China's Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail operator is more profitable Despite setting speed records on test tracks, the DJJ2, DJF2 and other domestically produced high-speed trains were insufficiently reliable for commercial operation. China's 'Most Profitable' High-Speed Rail Finally Makes Profit Are China's Railways Profitable? - Here Comes China! Mainland tourists said the high hotel prices and the fully resumed cross-border high-speed rail were factors in . [37] The State Council, MOR and state-owned train builders used China's large market and competition among foreign train-makers to force technology transfers of foreign high speed rail technology[citation needed]. Economic benefits of high-speed rail: Do they match the breakneck speed? Through five rounds of "Speed-Up" campaigns in April 1997, October 1998, October 2000, November 2001, and April 2004, passenger service on 7,700km (4,800mi) of existing tracks was upgraded to reach sub-high speeds of 160km/h (100mph).[26]. The non-stop express train from Beijing to Fuzhou shortened travel time from 33.5 to less than 20 hours. In the first three quarters of 2012, the line lost 1.87 billion. [21] In December 1990, the Ministry of Railways (MOR) submitted to the National People's Congress a proposal to build a high-speed railway between Beijing and Shanghai. According to Xinhua News Agency, the aggregate results of the six Speed Up Campaigns were: boosting passenger train speed on 22,000km (14,000mi) of tracks to 120km/h (75mph), on 14,000km (8,700mi) of tracks to 160km/h (99mph), on 2,876km (1,787mi) of tracks to 200km/h (124mph) and on 846km (526mi) of tracks to 250km/h (155mph). On August 1, 2008, the BeijingTianjin intercity railway opened in time for the 2008 Summer Olympics. The earliest example of higher-speed commercial train service in China was the Asia Express, a luxury passenger train that operated in Japanese-controlled Manchuria from 1934 to 1943. New rail lines are simply not going to be as profitable as more mature rail lines that have reached their planned capacity targets. For example, the BeijingTianjin intercity railway in its two full years of operation, delivered over 41 million rides. [209], China Railway High-speed runs different electric multiple unit trainsets, the name Hexie Hao (simplified Chinese: ; traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: Hxi Ho; lit. Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: Get quick analyses with our professional research service. to incorporate the statistic into your presentation at any time. [143] However, the rail staff productivity upon railway track infrastructure index in China is less than 0.05, being the lowest among the countries with significant railway construction. How China's high-speed rail network got built so fast | CNN To use individual functions (e.g., mark statistics as favourites, set While a number of high-speed railways in eastern China have started to be operationally profitable since 2015, the high speed railways in the midwest still operate at a loss. Service failures in the first month of operation drove passengers back to pre-existing slower rail service and air travel; airline ticket prices rebounded due to reduced competition. | Pedestrian Observations", National Development and Reform Commission 2016, "30,000-kilometer high-speed railway to cover 80% of urban areas by 2020", "No timetable yet for Shanghai-Hangzhou maglev line: official", "Beijing's first maglev line resumes construction", "All Existing and U/C Maglev Lines in 2020", "High-speed rail construction not suspended People's Daily Online", "China Railway sets out 2017 targets International Railway Journal", "China Exclusive: Five bln trips made on China's bullet trains", "China's railways report 3.57b passenger trips in 2019", "Total volume of passenger transported by highspeed railways in China from 2008 to 2021", "Train Makers Rail Against China's High-Speed Designs", "China Rail Chief's Firing Hints at Trouble", "High-Speed Trains in China to Run Slower, Ministry Says", "Full steam ahead for high-speed rail patents overseas", "Chinese firm launches R&D on 600 km/h maglev train", "China Is Eager to Bring High-Speed Rail Expertise to the U.S.", "Indonesia's Handling of High-speed Train Project Adds to Business Confusion, Mixed Messages to Japan, China Come as Indonesia courts foreign investors", "Siemens joins China bid for Saudi Haramain project", "GE and China MOR Sign Strategic MOU to Advance High-Speed Rail Opportunities in the U.S.", Chinese Firm Constructs High-Speed Railway in Turkey, "China to Design New Russian High-Speed Railway", "Shanghai Maglev Train (431 km/h) - High Definition Video", "China restores bullet train speed to 350 km/h Xinhua | English.news.cn", "China begins to restore 350 kmh bullet train Xinhua | English.news.cn", "China powers ahead as new entrants clock in", "China launches longest high-speed train service" China Daily, National Development and Reform Commission, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=High-speed_rail_in_China&oldid=1152594619, Stimulates the economy in the short term as HSR construction creates jobs and drives up demand for construction, steel and cement industries during the economic downturn. The Shanghai Maglev is the world's first high-speed commercial magnetic levitation ("maglev") line, whose trains run on non-conventional track and reach a top speed of 430km/h (267mph). ZhengzhouXi'an high-speed railway is estimated to run 59 trains in 2010 and 125 trains in 2018, yet in 2016 there are merely around 30 trains on operation, causing a 1.4 billion loss. Standardization of designs and procedures such as train tracks, rolling stocks, signal systems keeps the construction cost down. Construction of the high-speed railway between Beijing and Shanghai, the world's first high-speed rail with a designed speed of 380km/h (236mph), began on April 18, 2008. Between June and September 2005, the MOR launched bidding for high-speed trains with a top speed of 350km/h (217mph), as most of the main high-speed rail lines were designed for top speeds of 350km/h (217mph) or higher. [186] However, China's average income per capita is considerably lower than these other countries, so the high speed train fares remain unaffordable for most but the well-to-do. [50], After committing to conventional-track high-speed rail in 2006, the state embarked on an ambitious campaign to build passenger-dedicated high-speed rail lines, which accounted for a large part of the government's growing budget for rail construction. In May 2011, China's Environmental Protection Ministry ordered the halting of construction and operation of two high-speed lines that failed to pass environmental impact tests. [note 3] The HSR building boom continues with the HSR network set to reach 70,000km (43,000mi) in 2035. Ride to profitability for China-backed Indonesian rail project may take The Qinhuangdao-Shenyang Line showed the greater compatibility of HSR on conventional track with the rest of China's standard gauge rail network. [52] They are competing directly with the established European and Japanese manufacturers, and sometimes partnering with them. [39] The MOR delayed the decision, broadened the bidding and adopted a diversified approach to adopting foreign high-speed train technology. Finally, residents living along the proposed maglev route have raised health concerns about noise and electromagnetic radiation emitted by the trains, despite an environmental assessment by the Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences saying the line was safe. [183], China's high-speed railway network is by far the longest in the world. Several sections of the national grid, especially along the southeast coastal corridor, were built to link cities that had no previous rail connections. High-speed trains on HSR Corridors can generally reach 300350km/h (190220mph). Higher-speed train travel uses greater energy and imposes more wear on expensive machinery. [90][91] This fatal accident, which happened in the midst of corruption investigations into railway officials, led to greater scrutiny in the Chinese press and the populace concerning the HSR[63][64][92][93] and on the railway company. Former senior UN officer praises Chinese high-speed railway [104], To ease the credit shortage facing rail construction, the Ministry of Finance announced tax cuts to interest earned on rail construction financing bonds and the State Council ordered state banks to renew lending to rail projects. Total investment in new rail lines grew from $14billion in 2004 to $22.7 and $26.2billion in 2006 and 2007. The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Number of train passengers in China 2009-2021, Passenger transport volume of highspeed railways in China 2008-2021, Share of high-speed rail network length among whole rail network in China 2014-2021, Fastest trains in the world by record speed 2022, Length of highspeed railway lines in use worldwide in 2021, by country, Length of the highspeed railway lines in operation worldwide in 2021, by country (in kilometers), High-speed train lines under construction worldwide in key countries 2022, High-speed lines under construction worldwide as of September 2022, by country (in kilometers), World's fastest trains in 2022, ranked by record speed (in kilometers per hour), Value of the largest rail infrastructure projects in the world in 2022, Value of the largest rail infrastructure projects worldwide as of February 2022 (in billion U.S. dollars), Forecast: estimated value of investment in new transport infrastructure in China 2020, Total estimated value of investment in new transport infrastructure in China 2020 (in billion yuan), Total volume of passenger transported by highspeed railways in China from 2008 to 2021 (in billions), Share of electrified railroad routes in China 2021, Degree of electrified railroad routes in China from 2005 to 2021, Length of express railways in China 2008-2021, Total length of operation network of high-speed railways in China from 2008 to 2021 (in 1,000 kilometers), Length of newly built express railways in China 2014-2021, Annual increase in the length of the operational high-speed rail network in China from 2014 to 2021 (in 1,000 kilometers), Share of China's high-speed rail operating network length in the entire railroad system from 2014 to 2021, Length of express railways by leading provinces in China 2021, Leading regions in China with high-speed rail networks exceeding 10,000 km by 2021 (in 1,000 kilometers), Number of high-speed trains in China 2013-2021, Number of high-speed trains in China from 2013 to 2021, China's high-speed train growth rate 2014-2021, Growth rate of high-speed trains in China from 2014 to 2021, Number of Fuxing Hao high-speed trainsets in China 2013-2021, Number of Fuxing Hao high-speed trainsets (standard EMU)* in China from 2013 to 2021, China: production of bullet trains by month 2020-2022, Production of bullet trains in China from February 2020 to February 2022, Cost distribution of China's Fuxing high-speed trainsets 2021, by component, Cost percentage distribution of China's Fuxing high-speed trainsets in 2021, by component, Largest high-speed railway stations in China 2020, Top 10 largest high-speed railway stations in China as of 2020, Revenue of the China State Railway Group (China Railway) 2017-2021, Revenue of the China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. (China Railway) from 2017 to 2021 (in trillion yuan), Number of China State Railway Group's high-speed trains 2017-2021, Number of high-speed trains owned by China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. from 2017 to 2021, Revenue of the China Railway Group (CREC) 2011-2021, Revenue of the China Railway Group (CREC) in China from 2011 to 2021 (in billion yuan), Operating revenue of CRRC Cor., Ltd. 2014-2021, Operating revenue of CRRC Cor., Ltd. from 2014 to 2021 (in billion yuan), Beijing-Shanghai High Speed Railway: revenue 2017-2021, Revenue of Beijing-Shanghai High Speed Railway Co., Ltd. from 2017 to 2021 (in billion yuan), Number of passengers on the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail line 2016-2021, Number of passengers transported on the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed rail line from 2016 to 2021 (in millions). [107], By early 2012, the Chinese government renewed investments in high-speed rail to rejuvenate the slowing economy. This stands over three times the HSR distance of the. In 2018, China Railway operated 3,970.5 pairs of passenger train service, of which 2,775 pairs were carried by EMU train sets. [118], In 2014, high-speed rail expansion gained speed with the opening of the TaiyuanXi'an, HangzhouChangsha, Lanzhou-rmqi, Guiyang-Guangzhou, Nanning-Guangzhou trunk lines and intercity lines around Wuhan, Chengdu,[119] Qingdao[120] and Zhengzhou. [87][88] Quality and safety concerns also affected plans to export cheaper high-speed train technology to other countries. [24][25] The MOR focused modernization efforts on increasing the service speed and capacity on existing lines through double-tracking, electrification, improving grade (through tunnels and bridges), reducing turn curvature and installing continuous welded rail. Signals malfunctioned, causing another train to rear-end the stalled train. Quora - A place to share knowledge and better understand the world [64] On June 13, 2011, the MOR clarified in a press conference that the speed reduction was not due to safety concerns but to offer more affordable tickets for trains at 250km/h (155mph) and increase ridership. The route is part of China's Belt and Road Initiative, and the completed . High-speed railway in China - statistics & facts | Statista [37] All had to adapt their HSR train-sets to China's own common standard and assemble units through local joint ventures (JV) or cooperate with Chinese manufacturers. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1218788/china-profitability-of-high-sped-railway-by-route/, Number of high-speed railways in China as of August in 2019, by profit status and speed, Immediate access to statistics, forecasts & reports, High-speed train lines under construction worldwide in key countries 2022, Value of the largest rail infrastructure projects in the world in 2022, Forecast: estimated value of investment in new transport infrastructure in China 2020, Share of electrified railroad routes in China 2021, Length of express railways in China 2008-2021, Length of newly built express railways in China 2014-2021, Share of high-speed rail network length among whole rail network in China 2014-2021, Length of express railways by leading provinces in China 2021, Number of high-speed trains in China 2013-2021, China's high-speed train growth rate 2014-2021, Number of Fuxing Hao high-speed trainsets in China 2013-2021, China: production of bullet trains by month 2020-2022, Cost distribution of China's Fuxing high-speed trainsets 2021, by component, Largest high-speed railway stations in China 2020, Revenue of the China State Railway Group (China Railway) 2017-2021, Number of China State Railway Group's high-speed trains 2017-2021, Operating revenue of CRRC Cor., Ltd. 2014-2021, Beijing-Shanghai High Speed Railway: revenue 2017-2021, Number of passengers on the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail line 2016-2021, Share of holiday short distance intercity public transportation Taiwan 2020, by mode, Sales revenue of Taiwan High Speed Rail 2017-2020, by segment, Share of holiday medium distance intercity public transportation Taiwan 2020,by mode, Share of sales revenue of Taiwan High Speed Rail 2017-2020, by segment, Share of weekday long distance intercity public transportation Taiwan 2020, by mode, Share of weekday extra long distance public transportation in Taiwan 2020, by mode, Share of weekday medium distance intercity public transportation Taiwan 2020 by mode, Expenditures on pollution prevention of Taiwan High Speed Rail 2018-2023, Number of train services of Taiwan High Speed Rail 2013-2020, Net profit of Taiwan High Speed Rail 2014-2020, Monthly ridership of Taiwan High Speed Rail 2020, Share of short distance intercity public transport in weekday Taiwan 2020, by mode, Expenditures on environmental impact research of Taiwan High Speed Rail 2018-2021, Profit ratio of Taiwan High Speed Rail 2014-2020, Find your information in our database containing over 20,000 reports.